src/Dispersion/GaussianPlume.js
/**
* Created by austin on 6/6/16.
* @file GaussianPlume.js
* Assumes:
* Single point source
*/
"use strict";
import Source, {
SourceType
} from './Source';
import Atmosphere from './Atmosphere';
/**
* @typedef {Object} Stat
* @property {number} x - meters downwind
* @property {number} y - meters crosswind
* @property {number} z - meters vertical
* @property {number} stdY
* @property {number} stdZ
* @property {number} concentration - micrograms / cubic meter
*/
/**
* @typedef {Object} Coord
* @property {number} x - meters downwind
* @property {number} y - meters crosswind
* @property {number} z - meters vertical
*/
/**
* @typedef {Object} STD_Y_COEFF
* @property {number} c
* @property {number} d
*/
/**
* 0 - 6 for atm stab grade
* [x < 10000, x >= 10000]
* @type {STD_Y_COEFF}
*/
const STD_Y_COEFFS = [
[{c: .495, d: .873}, {c: .606, d: .851}],
[{c: .310, d: .897}, {c: .523, d: .840}],
[{c: .197, d: .908}, {c: .285, d: .867}],
[{c: .122, d: .916}, {c: .193, d: .865}],
[{c: .122, d: .916}, {c: .193, d: .865}],
[{c: .0934, d: .912}, {c: .141, d: .868}],
[{c: .0625, d: .911}, {c: .0800, d: .884}]
];
/**
* @typedef {Object} STD_Z_COEFF
* @property {number} a
* @property {number} b
*/
/**
* [x < 500, 500 <= x < 5000, 5000 <= x]
* @type {STD_Z_COEFF}
*/
const STD_Z_COEFFS = [
[{a: .0383, b: 1.281}, {a: .0002539, b: 2.089}, {a: .0002539, b: 2.089}],
[{a: .1393, b: .9467}, {a: .04936, b: 1.114}, {a: .04936, b: 1.114}],
[{a: .1120, b: .9100}, {a: .1014, b: .926}, {a: .1154, b: .9106}],
[{a: .0856, b: .8650}, {a: .2591, b: .6869}, {a: .7368, b: .5642}],
[{a: .0818, b: .8155}, {a: .2527, b: .6341}, {a: 1.297, b: .4421}],
[{a: .1064, b: .7657}, {a: .2452, b: .6358}, {a: .9024, b: .4805}],
[{a: .05645, b: .8050}, {a: .1930, b: .6072}, {a: 1.505, b: .3662}]
];
const G = 9.8; // gravity (m/s^2)
/**
* A Simple Gaussian Plume. For resources, please see the github repo.
* Calculates spread for one hour with constant conditions.
*
* http://www.cerc.co.uk/environmental-software/assets/data/doc_techspec/CERC_ADMS5_P10_01_P12_01.pdf
*/
class GaussianPlume {
/**
* For now, each Plume contains a constant atmosphere and a single Source
* @param {Atmosphere} atmosphere
* @param {Source} source
*/
constructor(atmosphere, source) {
this.setAtmosphere(atmosphere);
this.addSource(source);
}
/**
* @override
* @returns {string}
*/
toString() {
return '${this._source.toString()} in ${this._atmosphere.toString()}';
}
/**
* Adds a single source to the plume
* @param {Source} source
* @returns {GaussianPlume} For chaining purposes
*/
addSource(source) {
this._source = source;
return this;
}
/**
*
* @returns {Source|*}
*/
getSource() {
return this._source;
}
/**
* @type {Atmosphere}
* @param {Atmosphere} atmosphere
* @returns {GaussianPlume} For chaining purposes
*/
setAtmosphere(atmosphere) {
this._atmosphere = atmosphere;
return this;
}
/**
* @type {Atmosphere}
* @returns {Atmosphere|*}
*/
getAtmosphere() {
return this._atmosphere;
}
/**
* A helper function for the StdZ calculation
* @protected
* @param {number} x - distance downwind (m)
* @returns {STD_Y_COEFF}
*/
_getStdYCoeffs(x) {
let index;
let coeffs = STD_Y_COEFFS[this._atmosphere.getGrade()];
if (x < 10000) {
index = 0;
} else {
index = 1;
}
return coeffs[index];
}
/**
* Brookhaven sigma
* The crosswind distance standard deviation for a distance x downwind.
* To be used in a Gaussian distribution
* @param {number} x - distance downwind (m)
* @returns {number} crosswind standard deviation at x meters downwind (m)
*/
getStdY(x) {
let coeffs = this._getStdYCoeffs(x);
return coeffs.c * Math.pow(x, coeffs.d);
}
/**
* A helper function for the StdZ calculation
* @protected
* @param {number} x - distance downwind (m)
* @returns {STD_Z_COEFF}
*/
_getStdZCoeffs(x) {
let index;
let coeffs = STD_Z_COEFFS[this._atmosphere.getGrade()];
if (x < 500) {
index = 0;
} else if (x < 5000) {
index = 1;
} else {
// 5000 < x
index = 2;
}
return coeffs[index];
}
/**
* Brookhaven sigma
* The vertical distance standard deviation for a distance x downwind.
* To be used in a Gaussian distribution
* @param {number} x - distance downwind (m)
* @returns {number}
*/
getStdZ(x) {
let coeffs = this._getStdZCoeffs(x);
return coeffs.a * Math.pow(x, coeffs.b);
}
/**
*
* @returns {number} m/s
*/
getWindSpeedAtSourceHeight() {
return this._atmosphere.getWindSpeedAt(this.getEffectiveSourceHeight());
}
/**
* Manually set the Effective Source Height
* @param {number} height
* @returns {GaussianPlume} For chaining purposes
*/
setEffectiveSourceHeight(height) {
this._effSrcHeight = height;
return this;
}
/**
* Takes into account the wind and other factors into account.
* Should potentially move this to the Source class
* @returns {number} the effective source height
* */
getEffectiveSourceHeight() {
if (this._effSrcHeight) {
return this._effSrcHeight;
}
let deltaH = this.getMaxRise(0);
this._effSrcHeight = this._source.getHeight() + deltaH;
return this._effSrcHeight;
}
/**
*
* @param x
* @returns {number}
*/
getMeanHeight(x) {
// Should use integrals but need to research how to load a nicer math library in hur
// For large x this should be ok, between 0 (ground) and maxPlumeRise
return this.getMaxRise(x) / 2;
}
/**
* The max rise of the plume at x meters downwind
* @param {number} x - distance (m) downwind
* @returns {number} vertical standard deviation at x meters downwind (m)
*/
getMaxRise(x) {
// @see page 31
// Grades 1 - 5 are assumed unstable/neutral, 6 - 7 are assumed stable
// Both the momentum dominated and buoyancy dominated methods should be calculated, then use the max
let bDeltaH, mDeltaH; // Max plume rise buoyancy, momentum dominated resp.
const srcRad = this._source.getRadius();
const srcTemp = this._source.getTemperature();
const srcHeight = this._source.getHeight();
const srcExitVel = this._source.getExitVelocity();
const ambTemp = this._atmosphere.getTemperature();
const F = g * srcExitVel * Math.pow(srcRad, 2) * (srcTemp - ambTemp) / srcTemp;
const U = this._atmosphere.getWindSpeedAt(srcHeight); // wind speed at stack height
if (this._atmosphere.getGrade() <= 5) {
// unstable/neutral
// Gets super funky, ugh science
// Distance to Maximum Plume Rise
let xStar = F < 55 ? 14 * Math.pow(F, 0.625) : 34 * Math.pow(F, .4);
// Will use 0 if calculating from the _source. Need to read more about this.
if (x == 0 || x > 3.5 * xStar) {
x = xStar;
}
bDeltaH = 1.6 * Math.pow(F, .333) * Math.pow(3.5 * x, .667) * Math.pow(U, -1);
mDeltaH = (3 * srcExitVel * (2 * srcRad)) / U;
} else {
// stable
const s = this._atmosphere.getLetterGrade() === 'E' ? 0.018: 0.025; // g/ambientTemp
bDeltaH = 2.6 * Math.pow(F / (U * s), .333);
mDeltaH = 1.5 * Math.pow(srcExitVel * srcRad, .667) * Math.pow(U, -0.333) * Math.pow(s, -0.166);
}
// console.log("bDeltaH: " + bDeltaH);
// console.log("mDeltaH: " + mDeltaH);
// Return the max
if (bDeltaH > mDeltaH) {
// console.log("Buoyancy dominated.");
return bDeltaH;
}
// console.log("Momentum dominated.");
return mDeltaH;
}
/**
* Calculates the maximum concentration dispersed
* @returns {number} micrograms / cubic meters
*/
getMaxConcentration() {
let x = this.getMaxConcentrationX();
let stdY = this.getStdY(x);
let stdZ = this.getStdZ(x);
let H = this.getEffectiveSourceHeight();
let a = (this._source.getEmissionRate() * 1000000) / (Math.PI * stdY * stdZ * this.getWindSpeedAtSourceHeight());
let b = Math.exp((-0.5) * Math.pow(H / stdZ, 2));
return a * b;
}
/**
* Calculates the distance downwind of the maximum concentration
* @returns {number} micrograms / cubic meter
*/
getMaxConcentrationX() {
// If unknown, set x to 5000 meters
let stdYCoeffs = this._getStdYCoeffs(5000); // c , d
let stdZCoeffs = this._getStdZCoeffs(5000); // a , b
let H = this.getEffectiveSourceHeight();
let pt1 = (stdZCoeffs.b * Math.pow(H, 2)) / (Math.pow(stdZCoeffs.a, 2) * (stdYCoeffs.d + stdZCoeffs.b));
return Math.pow(pt1, (1 / (2 * stdZCoeffs.b)));
}
/**
* Calculates the concentration at a given x,y,z coordinate.
* Must be downwind
* @param {number} x - Meters downwind of _source, greater than 0
* @param {number} y - Meters crosswind of _source
* @param {number} z - Meters vertical of ground
* @returns {number} micrograms / cubic meter
*
* @example
* getConcentration(200, 300, 10)
* Calculates at 200 meters downwind, 300 east, 10 high
*/
getConcentration(x, y, z) {
// First part of Gaussian equation 1 found on page 2
let stdY = this.getStdY(x);
let stdZ = this.getStdZ(x);
// Effective stack height
let H = this.getEffectiveSourceHeight();
let U = this.getWindSpeedAtSourceHeight();
let a = this._source.getEmissionRate() / (2 * Math.PI * stdY * stdZ * U);
let b = Math.exp(-1 * Math.pow(y, 2) / (2 * Math.pow(stdY, 2)));
let c = Math.exp(-1 * Math.pow(z - H, 2) / (2 * Math.pow(stdZ, 2)));
let d = Math.exp(-1 * Math.pow(z + H, 2) / (2 * Math.pow(stdZ, 2)));
// Put it all together! get
return a * b * (c + d);
}
/**
* Calculates the stdY, stdZ, and concentrations for a list of x coordinates
* directly downwind of the _source
* Useful in creating graphs / processing large amounts of data at once
* @param {number[]} xs - a list of x's
* @returns {Stat[]} a list of stats
*/
getStatsForXs(xs) {
let stats = [];
for (let i = 0; i < xs.length; i++) {
stats.push({
x: xs[i],
y: 0,
z: 0,
stdY: this.getStdY(xs[i]),
stdZ: this.getStdZ(xs[i]),
concentration: this.getConcentration(xs[i], 0, 0)
})
}
return stats;
}
/**
* Same as getStatsForXs, but for 3d coordinates
* @param {Coord[]} coords - a list of objects with x,y,z params
* @returns {Stat[]}
*/
getStatsForCoords(coords) {
let stats = [];
for (let i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
stats.push({
x: coords[i].x,
y: coords[i].y,
z: coords[i].z,
stdY: this.getStdY(xs[i]),
stdZ: this.getStdZ(xs[i]),
concentration: this.getConcentration(coords[i].x, coords[i].y, coords[i].z)
})
}
return stats;
}
}
export { SourceType }
export { Source };
export { Atmosphere };
export default GaussianPlume;
